GPS RTK技术用于滑坡动态实时变形监测的研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

王利  张勤  李寻昌  张永奇  管建安  涂锐 《工程地质学报》2011,19(2):193-198

为了研究GPS RTK技术用于滑坡动态变形监测的精度和可靠性,本文结合某类滑坡的大型物理模型试验,在滑坡体上布设了若干监测点,并用GPS RTK技术、全站仪三维测量技术和GPS单历元定位技术实时跟踪监测了该滑坡在自然状态下从稳定到产生破坏的全部过程。通过对监测数据的处理和分析,获得了RTK技术用于滑坡变形监测的可靠性和精度等技术参数,即在基准站和流动站同步观测到的卫星数在7颗以上且RTK系统的数据链能够正常工作的情况下,RTK测量的平面和高程精度就能分别控制在15mm和20mm以内。研究结果表明,RTK技术在一定条件下完全可用于滑坡灾害的动态实时变形监测。  相似文献   

宜川—旬邑地区长6～长8储层流体包裹体特征及意义   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

田亚铭  施泽进  宋江海  齐亚林  吴晓明  高翔  邹永东 《矿物岩石地球化学通报》2011,30(1):80-87

宜川—旬邑地区显示油气丰富,但是实际勘探效果不佳,通过宜川-旬邑地区延长组长6~长8储层流体包裹体岩相、均一温度、盐度的研究表明,该区主要发育液烃包裹体和气液烃有机流体包裹体。流体包裹体主要分布在石英次生加大边与石英颗粒裂纹、方解石胶结物和裂缝充填物中;包裹体个体多为5~15μm,均一温度为49~127℃,平均89℃。80%以上样品的含油流体包裹体丰度(GOI)大于或等于1%,其中近40%样品的GOI在5%以上。流体包裹体总体偏向低盐度,包裹体盐度与均一温度间的相关性差。结合延长组成岩作用、热史和埋藏史分析指出,延长组发生过广泛的油气运移与充注事件,充注时间主要在早白垩世早期—早白垩世晚期;油藏具储层边致密、石油边成藏的特点,受后期构造运动的影响,原始封闭体系遭到破坏,在方解石胶结物不甚发育且原生粒间孔隙保存较好的区域,有望获得油气勘探的突破。  相似文献   

张掖市平山湖地区煤岩层物性规律研究与测井方法应用     

张元基 《中国煤炭地质》2011,(6):59-64

通过对平山湖地区11口井的测井资料进行分析,初步掌握了该区含煤岩层的地球物理特性及其在视电阻率、密度、自然伽马、声波时差、自然电位等测井曲线上的响应特征。总结出一套适合该地区的测井方法,如各种测井参数的数据计算方法与曲线处理技巧,为该类地区使用TYSC-3Q测井仪器进行测井提供了参考依据。针对该地区煤层具有中高阻、低密度、低放射性、高时差、弱自然电位的物性特征,以多个实例介绍了煤层在不同测井参数曲线上的识别方法及定量解释原则。  相似文献   

镉和汞胁迫对四角蛤蜊（Mactra veneriformis）血细胞的毒性损伤研究     

王晓宇  杨红生  邢坤  王清 《海洋与湖沼》2011,42(6):850-856

采用透射电镜观察、溶酶体膜稳定性衡量和微核生成率检测的方法,系统研究了室内模拟Cd和Hg污染胁迫对四角蛤蜊血细胞的毒性损伤。结果表明,Cd对四角蛤蜊血细胞超微结构的损伤表现出明显的浓度依赖效应,125μg/L Cd胁迫下血细胞结构损伤程度高于25μg/L Cd胁迫;不同浓度Cd和Hg暴露14天后,各处理组（2μg/L ...  相似文献   

Characterizing impulsive wave-in-deck loads on coastal bridges by probabilistic models of impact maxima and rise times     

Francesco Serinaldi  Giovanni Cuomo 《Coastal Engineering》2011

When waves impact a seawall, a vertical breakwater, an exposed jetty, a pier or a coastal bridge, they abruptly transfer their momentum into the structure. This energy transfer can be very violent and its duration exceptionally short. In the case of coastal bridges, whose spans are designed to have very short vibration period, wave impacts might have duration comparable to the natural period of oscillation of the structure, which therefore becomes prone to damage and failure. Previous forensic studies have documented the relative importance of impulsive loads on deck suspended structure, demonstrating the need to assess the effect of wave impacts on both the stability and the integrity of structural members since the early stages of the design. This requires the estimation of the dynamic characteristics of the loading pattern, and in particular the wave impulse and corresponding impact maxima and rise times. Based on the conservation of momentum, functional relationships between these parameters have been identified since pioneering work dating back to the late '30s of the 20th century. The complexity of the loading process, however, results in a significantly large variability of wave impact maxima and rise times even under similar conditions, suggesting the need for a probabilistic approach to the definition of the relationship between these two variables, to be applied when estimating the dynamic properties of wave for use in structural analysis of coastal structures. In the recent past, some effort has been made to identify functional relationships between such quantities; these require the assessment of the conditional quantiles (or similarly the conditional distribution) of wave impact maxima given the rise times. In this paper, we compare three different statistical methods proposed in the literature to accomplish this task, in order to assess the reliability of the approach and suggest guidelines for practical applications. A copula-based method, Generalized Additive Models for Location, Scale and Shape (GAMLSS), and quantile regression are applied to measurements from large-scale 3-dimensional physical model tests. The investigation suggests that quantile regression gives the simplest results to be used in practice; copula approach and GAMLSS are possible alternative when semi-parametric or fully parametric modeling is needed.  相似文献   

时差对海洋磁力测量地磁日变改正的影响分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王磊  边刚  任来平  吴太旗 《海洋测绘》2011,31(6):39-41

为研究时差对磁测的影响,基于站间同步地磁日变曲线的特征,尝试采用同步比对法和相关分析法计算两站的时差.结论表明:同步比对法和相关分析法能反映站间真实的时差,当测区范围较小时(至少是在本文实例的两个地磁日变站之间),时差对地磁日变改正的影响很小,海洋磁力测量地磁日变改正时可以忽略其影响.  相似文献   

Effect of reclamation time and land use on soil properties in Changjiang River Estuary,China   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3  

ülo MANDER 《中国地理科学(英文版)》2011,21(4):403-416

The objective of this study is to analyze soil physical and chemical properties,soil comprehensive functions and impact factors after different years of reclamation.Based on the survey data taken from 216 soil sampling points in the Fengxian Reclamation Area of the Changjiang (Yangtze) River Estuary,China in April 2009 and remotely sensed TM data in 2006,while by virtue of multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA),geo-statistical analysis (GA),prin-cipal component analysis (PCA) and canonical correspondence analysis (CCA),it was concluded that:1) With the in-crease in reclamation time,soil moisture,soil salinity,soil electric conductivity and soil particle size tended to decline,yet soil organic matter tended to increase.Soil available phosphorous tended to increase in the early reclamation period,yet it tended to decline after about 49 years of reclamation.Soil nitrate nitrogen,soil ammonia nitrogen and pH changed slightly in different reclamation years.Soil physical and chemical properties reached a steady state after about 30 years of reclamation.2) According to the results of PCA analysis,the weighted value (0.97 in total) that represents soil nutrient factors (soil nitrate nitrogen,soil organic matter,soil available phosphorous,soil ammonia nitrogen,pH and soil particle size) were higher than the weighted value (0.48 in total) of soil limiting factors (soil salinity,soil elec-tric conductivity and soil moisture).The higher the F value is,the better the soil quality is.3) Different land use types play different roles in the soil function maturity process,with farmlands providing the best contribution.4) Soil physi-cal and chemical properties in the reclamation area were mainly influenced by reclamation time,and then by land use types.The correlation (0.1905) of the composite index of soil function (F) with reclamation time was greater than that with land use types (-0.1161).  相似文献   

灾害天气对若尔盖旅游安全影响的时间特征分析     

杨雅麟  彭林英  王全兰  何钰  黄待富 《成都信息工程学院学报》2011,26(1):47-51

利用若尔盖1971-2000年的大风、雷暴、冰雹、积雪、雾及飑的逐年各月气象资料,用现代统计方法,分别逐类、逐月、逐年代统计若尔盖地区旅游气象灾害出现频次、时间变化特征,并对其变化特征及主要旅游气象灾害发生规律进行气候综合分析,结合旅游安全社会经验,统计出若尔盖气象灾害发生月份集中在4-8月,主要是春、夏两个季节。而较少月份集中在8-2月,为秋、冬两季。若尔盖地区适宜旅游期月份为5、6、7、8、9月,非常适宜旅游区月份为6、7、8月,疗养期月份为7月。而该时段为灾害频发期,因此应特别注意对灾害天气的预防和应对。为当地旅游管理部门提供参考,为旅游投资与实施建设提供气象依据,为旅游者选择旅游季节及评估旅游安全提供帮助。  相似文献   

塔河油田3区石炭系超深薄层碎屑岩储层预测研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

盛海波  刘蕊  付国民  蔡玥  张庭娇 《地球科学与环境学报》2011,33(4):390-396

针对塔河油田3区石炭系卡拉沙依组地震数据很难识别薄砂体的问题,对比分析了采用地震资料提频处理、分频处理、储层高分辨率敏感参数反演等不同手段得到的储层预测结果,筛选出高分辨率储层敏感参数反演作为卡拉沙依组砂泥岩段储层主要预测手段.通过探讨砂泥岩对声波时差的响应,以及对比分析自然电位、自然伽马以及补偿中子孔隙度与声波时差的关系,确定自然电位与声波时差的相关性最好,由此选取自然电位作为最佳电性敏感参数参与高分辨率敏感参数反演预测.从井点、剖面、平面等方面检验和评价高分辨率储层预测成果,结果表明其反演预测效果较好,符合塔河油田3区石炭系的储层预测要求,实现了对石炭系主力砂体空间展布的解释与描述,建立了塔河油田3区石炭系卡拉沙依组储层模型.  相似文献   

Memory in place     

Stephen Hill 《New Zealand geographer》2011,67(1):16-20

Geographers and psychologists both seek to understand people's behaviour and their cognitive and emotional lives so it is somewhat surprising that there has not been more theoretical cross‐fertilisation of the two disciplines. ‘On time, place and happiness’ is a rare but welcome exception, showing how research in social‐cognitive psychology might usefully clarify thinking about temporality, place and well‐being. This commentary examines several additional human memory phenomena that geographers might like to consider in their theorising about these matters.  相似文献